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Hennepin County Attorney > Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) > Extreme Risk Protection Orders

Extreme Risk Protection Orders

What is an ERPO?

An Extreme Risk Protection Order (ERPO) is a civil court order that temporarily says the respondent (the person against whom the legal action is taken) cannot have or buy firearms.

ERPOs are a tool to help prevent firearm violence, for example, suicides, community violence, domestic violence, and mass shootings. They temporarily limit someone's access to firearms when the person is at risk of harm to themselves or to others. 

An ERPO may be short-term (14 days) or long-term (up to a year).

Warning signs 

From 2015 to 2020, firearms were used in 45% of suicide deaths, 67% of homicide deaths and 54% of intimate partner homicide deaths in Minnesota. 

When someone close to us is going through a challenging time, that person may display certain behavior that can alert us that they may be thinking about hurting themselves or others.

Please remember however, that not everyone experiencing harmful thoughts to themselves or others will display obvious or any warning signs.

Domestic Abuse Service Center (DASC)

Phone: 612-348-5073

300 South Sixth Street

Floor A-14

Minneapolis, MN, 55487

8 a.m. - 4:30 p.m.

Have questions or need assistance in filing for an Extreme Risk Protection Order?

Visit the Domestic Abuse Service Center or call at (612) 348-5073.

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Who can request an ERPO?
  • Law Enforcement
  • City or County Attorney Offices
  • People who are or have been married
  • Parents or children of the respondent
  • People who are currently living with the respondent
  • People involved in a significant romantic or sexual relationship with the respondent
  • Legal guardian of the respondent

*If you would like assistance in filing an ERPO, please reach out to DASC at 612-348-5073 and ask to speak with an Extreme Risk Protection Order specialist.  

If you don’t qualify to self-apply, but you believe the respondent poses a risk to themselves or others, you could contact the police department in the city or town where the respondent lives.

If the situation is life-threatening or you need immediate response, call 911.

 
Obtaining an ERPO

Five Steps to Obtain an ERPO

  1. Get ERPO forms and instructions here.
  2. Follow the court’s instructions on how to fill out the forms
  3. Follow the court’s instructions on how to file the form.
  4. Receive a decision from the court.
  5. If the court grants the ERPO, law enforcement will serve the order on the respondent.
Suicide warning signs
  • Giving away personal possessions
  • Talking as if saying goodbye or going away forever
  • Taking steps to tie up loose ends, like organizing personal papers or paying off debts
  • Making or changing a will
  • Collecting and saving pills or buying a weapon
  • Saying things like “Nothing matters anymore,” “You’ll be better off without me”
  • Withdrawing from friends, family, and normal activities
  • Increasing drug or alcohol use
Filing an ERPO + Getting Help

File in the county where the respondent lives.

  • If the respondent lives in Hennepin County, you can file either by using e-filing or in person at the Family Justice Center in Hennepin County. Follow the instructions provided in the ERPO forms.
  • If the respondent lives outside of Hennepin County, you can find other county’s courthouses here.

Do you need help filing?

              - Visit the Domestic Abuse Service Center in the Hennepin County Government Center or call at (612) 348-5073.

Frequently asked questions

What can an ERPO do?

ERPOs prohibit the respondent temporarily from possessing or purchasing firearms.

Creates a formal process for the respondent to surrender their firearms either by voluntary compliance or through a search warrant.

What can’t an ERPO do?

An ERPO does not prohibit the respondent from contacting the petitioner or joint children.

An ERPO cannot order the respondent to seek mental health help or treatment.

What does it cost to file an ERPO?

Filing for and responding to an ERPO is free.

What happens if someone has a firearm while there is an ERPO in place?

Possessing a firearm while restricted is a misdemeanor crime.

Can the respondent ever get their firearms back?

Yes. ERPOs are temporary. Once the order expires, the respondent can possess and purchase firearms again.

How long does an ERPO last?

An emergency ERPO lasts 14 days.

A long term ERPO lasts for 6 months to 1 year, depending on what the judicial officer ordered.

What if the ERPO is about to expire and the respondent is still not safe to have a firearm?

Within 3 months before the ERPO expires, the petitioner can ask the court (motion) to extend the ERPO for another 6 months to 1 year. The forms to ask for an extension of an ERPO can be found here.

*If you would like assistance in filing an extension of an ERPO, please reach out to DASC at 612-348-5073 and ask to speak with an Extreme Risk Protection Order specialist. 

I’ve been served with an Extreme Risk Protection Order. Now what?

Read the papers served on you carefully. The document titled Order Granting Emergency Extreme Risk Protection Order says you are temporarily not allowed to have any firearms and you must temporarily give up any firearm you currently own or possess. You MUST obey the order.

If you disagree with the order, then you must come to the hearing and explain why you disagree with what the petitioner is requesting. The hearing date and time are included in the court’s order that you received.

How does a respondent temporarily give up their firearms?

You have a couple of different options. In general, a respondent can either give them to a federally licensed firearms dealer (FFL) or they can give them to law enforcement to store temporarily until the ERPO expires and the respondent is able to possess firearms again. More information can be found here.

Can an ERPO be terminated?

If the respondent believes they are no longer a danger to themselves or others with a firearm, they can apply to terminate the ERPO one time for every six months the order is in effect. More information can be found here.

Do I need a lawyer?

It is not required; however, you can hire a lawyer at your own expense.

If you would like assistance in filing an ERPO, please reach out to DASC at 612-348-5073 and ask to speak with an Extreme Risk Protection Order specialist. 

What if I am not available on the scheduled hearing date?

If you are not available on the scheduled hearing date, you can ask the court for another date, also called a continuance. More information can be found here.

Have another question not addressed here?

Call us! 612-348-5073

Other firearm safety options

ERPOs represent just one component within a comprehensive approach to firearm safety. While ERPOs are a critical tool for temporarily restricting access to firearms in times of crisis, several additional measures can help safeguard loved ones and communities. These include:

  • Safe firearm storage using gun locks or secure safes.
  • Voluntary, temporary transfers of firearms to trusted individuals for safekeeping during periods of elevated concern.
  • Routine safety practices, such as ensuring all firearms are unloaded and properly secured when not in use.

For further guidance and resources on implementing these protective strategies, consider visiting the following:

Hennepin County Attorney’s Office, Hennepin County announce gun locks partnership | Hennepin County

Lethal Means Safety Resources - MIRECC / CoE

Be SMART | Secure Gun Storage

Firearm Storage Map — Voluntary Firearm Storage in Minnesota

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